sunday obligation canon law

By | December 30, 2020

1246. Where is the reference in the 1917 canon law that removed the Sunday Mass obligation should a person have to travel more than certain distance. 1247). This has been the case from the earliest days of the Church, when the first Christian clergy established that the faithful were to gather for worship on Sunday rather than Saturday (the Jewish Sabbath), since Our Lord rose from the dead on a Sunday. Although the Eucharist is the “source and summit of the Christian life” according to the Catechism, it is not uncommon for a Catholic—through no fault of his own—to feel almost nothing when he receives it (1324). The Code of Canon Law (#276) in the section entitled "The Obligations and Rights of Clerics" states the following: "In leading their lives, clerics are especially bound to pursue holiness because they are consecrated to God by a new title in the reception of orders as dispensers of Gods mysteries in the service of His people. . To compound this, it is primarily in the act of receiving the Sunday Eucharist—the real body, blood, soul, and divinity of Christ—that the members of the Church unite themselves to their Lord and one other. We therefore have a doubt of law, and the law does not bind unless and until Rome clarifies it. When it concerns one's obligation to attend Holy Mass on Sunday, there is no cut-off age. Ordinarily, as Kathleen herself obliquely indicates in her questions, Maronite Catholics are expected to attend Sunday liturgy at their own Maronite parish, while Latin Catholics attend Mass at a Latin parish church, etc. Please check the Archives first–it’s likely your question was already addressed. A Catholic is permitted to be absent from Sunday Mass in light of serious circumstances such as illness. Enter the universal obligation, less than a century old: The Code of Canon Law of 1917 for the first time gathered this tradition into a universal law. But Kathleen raises a good question: which Mass are we required to attend on Sundays, and are there any Masses celebrated on Sunday which don’t count? Canon Laws and Catechism about Sunday Mass obligation and other Holidays of obligation. For this reason, a Catholic’s experience of Sunday Mass can be deceptively dry and may leave him feeling like nothing special has gone on at all. Back in 1953, Pope Pius XII helpfully defined “vigil” for us as “not before 4 PM” (Latin text here, on p. 23), which is why we can fulfill our Sunday obligation by attending Mass on Saturday evening at 4:00 or later. Boniface VIII, De Regulis Iuris , no. Until then the faithful are not obligated to hear any part of the liturgy of the word in order to fulfill their Sunday obligation. This has been the case from the earliest days of the Church, when the first Christian clergy established that the faithful were to gather for worship on Sunday rather than Saturday (the Jewish Sabbath), since Our Lord rose from the dead on a Sunday. A resurrection is not on the horizon. Canon 1248.1 provides an explanation. 1248, 1). Did the Holy See issue a proclamation eliminating the Sunday Obligation? What if you attend a funeral, or a Mass for “the celebration of a number of women religious 50+ years of consecrated life,” as Kathleen did? The Sunday liturgy is mandatory, like showing up for work; and, just as skipping work can … . Sunday is often spoken of as "the Christian sabbath," but this is not a technical description. 208 – 223) Can. Let’s take a look at what the law says. At first glance, this may seem to be a strange choice of words. The Catholic Church reflects this obligation in its Code of Canon Law: “On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are bound to participate in the Mass” (can. We don’t actually need to attend the regular Sunday Mass, with the regular Sunday Scripture readings; we simply have to attend a Catholic Mass. If she attended “a Latin-rite Mass on a Sunday for the celebration of a number of women religious 50+ years of consecrated life,” she fulfilled her Sunday Mass obligation, as did everyone else who was present. If we can fulfill our Sunday obligation by attending a Mass that is “celebrated in a Catholic rite,” that also indicates that we can attend a Mass that is being celebrated on Saturday evening or Sunday which isn’t actually a Sunday Mass. In the past Cathy has published articles both in scholarly journals and on various popular Catholic websites, including Real Presence Communications and Catholic Exchange. But Catholics of one Church sui iuris frequently live in regions of the world where they’re surrounded only by Catholics of a different Church sui iuris, so it isn’t always that simple! Canonists have generally held that for all laws promulgated by the Holy See two months' time is granted before in places outside the City of Rome the obligation of observing the law begins. She is a Maronite Catholic, which means she is a member of one of those eastern Catholic Churches sui iuris that were discussed in “Are They Really Catholic? The Virus and the Bishops: Twisting a Vatican Document to Further an Agenda. 1247 On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are obliged to participate in the Mass. If the information on this website has helped you, please consider making a contribution so that it can continue to help others. As children, we Catholics learn that by their very nature, some kinds of work simply cannot be avoided on Sundays—cooking dinner, nursing the sick, putting out fires, milking cows, etc. The law itself said nothing about this. But if you happen to be a Latin Catholic, and the only Catholic church in the region where you live is Ukrainian Catholic, or there’s a Ukrainian Catholic parish which has a Sunday liturgy scheduled at a convenient time for you … there’s no reason why you can’t attend Mass/liturgy at that Catholic parish on Sunday. Canon 1246.1 tells us what we already know: Sunday is a holyday of obligation. I was recently invited to a Latin-rite Mass on a Sunday for the celebration of a number of women religious 50+ years of consecrated life. For many years now, the Sunday obligation — observed by a minority of Catholics — was in the intensive care unit. 1247 On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are obliged to participate in the Mass. So despite the popular misconception, no particular rites or ceremonies are needed, and any Mass on Saturday evening–Easter Vigil Mass included–will satisfy the obligation for Sunday. 8, "Nemo potest ad impossibile obligari." The 1983 Code of Canon Law simply states: "The precept of participating in the Mass is satisfied by assistance at a Mass which is celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite either on the holy day or on the evening of the preceding day" (can. On Sundays and other holydays of obligation (see “Holydays of Obligation, Part I” and “Part II” for more on this), Catholics are obliged to attend Mass, and to abstain from work that would inhibit observance of the day as a day of the Lord (c. 1247). We are not used to the slowness or the silence of the liturgy. We are told in the Gospels that Jesus rose from the dead “on the first day of the week” (Mark 16:2; Luke 24:1; John 20:1), and ever since the time of the apostles Christians have congregated on Sunday to worship God and receive the Eucharist together as one body in Christ (Acts 20:7). * If a member of the faithful cannot attend Mass on Sunday, that impossibility excuses the obligation. The novelty came with the 1983 Code of Canon Law, which permitted the faithful to satisfy their obligation of assisting at Mass on a Sunday or Holy Day either on the day itself or the afternoon or evening beforehand (canon 1248, §1). Codex Iuris Canonici Code of Canon Law. (Eastern Churches, Part I, Adopting Children of Another Faith (Eastern Churches, Part II. This relief from the Sunday obligation was removed in the 1983 Canon Law. In addition to Sunday, the days to be observed as holy days of obligation in the Latin Rite dioceses of the United States of America, in conformity with canon 1246, are as follows: January 1, the solemnity of Mary, Mother of God Thursday of the Sixth Week of Easter, the solemnity of the Ascension When it concerns one's obligation to attend Holy Mass on Sunday, there is no cut-off age. Since the grace received in the Eucharist is not a physical or emotional sensation but a spiritual reality, it tends to leave the senses unmoved. They are also to abstain from such work or business that would inhibit the worship to be given to God, the joy proper to the Lord's Day, or the due relaxation of mind and body." This relief from the Sunday obligation was removed in the 1983 Canon Law. (Eastern Churches, Part I),” and “Adopting Children of Another Faith (Eastern Churches, Part II)” for a more in-depth discussion of this issue). Ironically, the modern clergy’s pronouncements on the Sunday obligation are contradicted their own liberalized Code of Canon Law. 1248) permits Catholics to fulfill their Mass obligation by attending Mass “in the evening of the preceding day.” Pope Pius XII, in the apostolic constitution Christus Dominus, set the earliest hour for such a Mass at 4 p.m. I wanted to know, what is the official cut-off age for one's Sunday Obligation to attend Holy Mass on Sunday? So will such a Mass “count” as fulfilling one’s Sunday obligation? This is something which is often misunderstood by Catholics (see “Why Don’t We Marry Validly Before a Ukrainian Catholic Priest? . 208 From their rebirth in Christ, there exists among all the Christian faithful a true equality regarding dignity and action by which they all cooperate in the building up of the Body of … Holy Days of Obligation. So far, so good. 1244-1253) CODE OF CANON LAW ... however, the conference of bishops can suppress some of the holy days of obligation or transfer them to a Sunday. Only Mass satisfies the Sunday obligation (1983 CIC 1247-1248) under Roman Catholic canon law. We might be tempted to do this, nonetheless, because Mass is not always an engaging way to spend Sunday morning. 15:32-36). This work traces the development of the Sunday obligation from apostolic times to the present day, focusing on what is necessary to fulfill the obligation according to Catholic Canon Law. Where is the reference in the 1917 canon law that removed the Sunday Mass obligation should a person have to travel more than certain distance. (Canon 1248: “Festis de praecepto diebus Missa audienda est”: Canon 1247, 1: “Dies festi sub praecepto in universa Ecclesia sunt…omnes et … 840 The sacraments of the New Testament were instituted by Christ the Lord and entrusted to the Church. WHY DO WE HAVE HOLY DAYS OF OBLIGATION? Sunday, on which by apostolic tradition the paschal mystery is celebrated, must be observed in the universal Church as the primordial holy day of obligation. Hence, St. Paul writes, “Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread” (1 Cor. Furthermore, the first and greatest commandment is, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind” (Matt. A human being cannot have enduring happiness without these two things. But what happens if you attend a Mass on Sunday (or Saturday evening) that isn’t actually a Sunday Mass? Commentary on the Code of Canon Law 1246. §1. The Mass took place at 3 PM, and the readings were not the day’s readings but rather readings associated to what we were celebrating. with a new day of rest that they called the Lord’s Day. Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube. To fail to do so was a violation of the third commandment and a grave sin (Num. Part I.”  Briefly put, the vast majority of Catholics around the world are Latin Catholic— but there are other smaller groupings of faithful who are fully Catholic, yet whose liturgical and other cultural traditions can be startling to those Catholics who have never experienced them before. Re-post: Can We Receive Holy Communion Twice on Christmas Day? . We are God’s first. Many of us lead dynamic lives. Can. So, for example, if a funeral Mass is celebrated on a Sunday—which is entirely possible, by the way, although for pragmatic reasons it is normally scheduled on another day of the week—attendance at that Mass would satisfy a Catholic’s Sunday Mass obligation. The Code of Canon Law is clear enough: “On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are obliged to … None of the content of this website may be reproduced, either in whole or in part, without the advance written permission of the author. “Think not that I have come to abolish the law and the prophets; I have come not to abolish them but to fulfill them,” Jesus said (Matt. Thus specifically arranging to celebrate a sacrament like marriage in such a way that we “don’t have to” attend Sunday Mass the next day doesn’t say much for a Catholic’s appreciation of this tremendous gift, given to us by Our Lord Himself. The Mass fosters both. A person who assists at a Mass celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite either on the feast day itself or in the evening of the preceding day satisfies the obligation of participating in the Mass. We can’t grasp the intrinsic value of the Mass until we understand that its aim is not to stimulate like a form of entertainment: its aim is to sanctify. The ability to freely attend Mass is a great honor (as far too many Catholics around the world learned the hard way, when they were recently deprived of it “because of the virus,” as discussed in “Do Bishops Have the Authority to Cancel Masses Completely?”). This does not necessarily reflect a defect in the liturgy or the believer. Can. Our unique love for God (and his for us!) Do Bishops Have the Authority to Cancel Masses Completely? The Sunday liturgy is mandatory, like showing up for work; and, just as skipping work can have serious consequences, so can skipping church. Only Mass satisfies the Sunday obligation (1983 CIC 1247-1248) under Roman Catholic canon law. the obligations and rights of all the christian faithful (cann. The answer to this question happens to touch on the way in which Kathleen identifies herself. 8, "Nemo potest ad impossibile obligari." Can a Catholic Ever Attend an Orthodox Liturgy Instead of Sunday Mass? The essential moral prescription of the third commandment nonetheless remained: man ought to set apart a full day each week for rest and worship. –Kathleen. Some Catholics, especially parents of young children, find Sunday Mass attendance difficult. For a Catholic then, whether or not to attend on Sunday is no small decision. The Catechism of the Catholic Church and the Canon Law states that the Holy Mass is the foundation and confirmation of all Christian practice. Refusing First Holy Communion to Children Who Are Ill-Prepared, Ecclesia Supplet: Making Invalid Sacraments Valid, Invalid Baptisms and Unaccountable Clergy. Note for the record that even if we routinely do this at a different Catholic Church sui iuris, that fact in itself does not make us members of that Church, as per canon 112.2. 1247 On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are obliged to participate in the Mass. Canon 1245 of the Code of Canon Law states: “Without prejudice to the right of diocesan bishops mentioned in Canon 87, for a just cause and according to the prescripts of the diocesan bishop, a pastor can grant in individual cases . Two grave dangers to the human soul are a lack of contemplation and lack of love. The first part of her question is likewise answered by the same phrase of canon 1248.1. As Kathleen mentions, it could very well be that the Scripture readings will be totally different from the ones you would hear at your own Catholic Church sui iuris, but that’s not a problem—attendance still fulfills your Sunday obligation. The 1983 Code of Canon Law simply states: "The precept of participating in the Mass is satisfied by assistance at a Mass which is celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite either on the holy day or … In no other way is it possible to adequately give thanks (eucharistia) to God . A: The Church’s basic rules regarding Mass attendance on holydays of obligation are actually quite straightforward, and are laid out in “ Holydays of Obligation, Part I ”: Canon 1246.1 provides a list of holydays on which, in addition to every Sunday of the year, Catholics are obliged to attend Mass ( … 1247). Canon 1246.1 tells us what we already know: Sunday is a holyday of obligation. Moreover, our choice to participate is salvific: “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in you” (John 6:53). Code of Canon Law: full text, concordances and frequency lists All rights reserved. Re-post: Confession and General Absolution, Why Don’t We Marry Validly Before a Ukrainian Catholic Priest? Theologian Colin Donovan reminds us that “in the Mass it is Christ himself who worships the Father, joining our worship to his. They were to be surmised from different part of the Code. 1248 § … The key to understanding why Catholics must attend Sunday Mass lies above all in the essence of the Mass itself. Holy Days of Obligation are days other than Sundays on which Catholics are required to participate in the Mass, the primary form of worship. That may surprise some folks, but that’s what canon law indicates Church Canon Law # 1247 states: "On Sundays and other holydays of obligation, the faithful are obliged to assist at Mass. Yet their Masses would fulfill my Sunday obligation, as the above canon indicates. Although c.87 of the Old Code spoke of the rights and duties of Christians, it did not offer a list of those rights and duties. The Catechism of the Catholic Church and the Canon Law states that the Holy Mass is the foundation and confirmation of all Christian practice. The Code of Canon Law (can. * If a member of the faithful cannot attend Mass on Sunday, that impossibility excuses the obligation. The following canon should be no surprise either. It regards the time period within which one may satisfy the Sunday obligation set out in 1983 CIC 1248.1: "A person who assists at a Mass celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite either on the feast day itself or in the evening of the preceding day satisfies the obligation of participating in the Mass." ShowersofRoses June 9, 2018, 4:25pm #9. If the laws of the Orthodox Church allow it, the Catholic could also receive Communion (Canon 844.2; Eastern Code 671.2). On the contrary, Canon 1247 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law says, “on Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are bound to participate in the Mass.” UsigeFebruary 25, 2017, 7:32pm I would have largely disagreed with his comments but, before they were called to my attention, McNamara himself corrected (4 November 2008) those answers in several respects, and so I pass over them. Even for a devout Catholic, it can be difficult to slow down and settle into a day of rest—and especially into a solemn hour of prayer and worship. The holy days of obligation for Latin Rite Catholics are indicated in canon 1246 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law: Can. A. Moreover, they are to abstain from those works and aVairs which hinder the worship to be rendered to God, the joy proper to the Lord’s day, or the suitable … The period of time allowed before a new law after its official promulgation goes into force is known in the terminology of Canon Law as the vacatio legis. Cathy Caridi, J.C.L., is an American canon lawyer who practices law and teaches in Rome. English translation of the Roman Catholic Code of Canon Law, canons 897-958, concerning the Most Holy Eucharist. She founded this website to provide clear answers to canonical questions asked by ordinary Catholics, without employing all the mysterious legalese that canon lawyers know and love. But despite our parental hardships, we recognize that we have a moral duty to be there. order to fulfill our Sunday obligation. Strictly speaking, of course, this is entirely within the law; but it’s always sad when Catholics use canon law as an excuse to do the bare minimum for God. As the sacred meeting place of God and man, the Mass reorients our lives towards God, reunites us with him in love, and thereby communicates the grace of salvation to our souls. is specially consummated when we receive the Eucharist at Mass. 22:38). The 1983 Code states that the Sunday obligation “is satisfied by assistance at a Mass which is celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite.” (Canon 1248.1). On 12 October 2008, Fr. Which Mass Fulfills My Sunday Obligation? Fortunately, since we’re all truly Catholics, it’s entirely possible to attend Mass celebrated in a different Catholic Church sui iuris, and we can receive sacraments like Penance and Holy Communion there too. Years later, I know how to get there without the aid of signs. 208 – 223) Can. To remember the Sabbath and keep it holy was not optional for the first-century Jew. CANON LAW RELATED TO CONFIRMATION PART I : THE SACRAMENTS Can. Moreover, they are to abstain from those works and aVairs which hinder the worship to be rendered to God, the joy proper to the Lord ’s day, or the suitable relaxation of mind and body. Yet their Masses would fulfill my Sunday obligation, as the above canon indicates. a dispensation from the obligation of observing a feast day or a day of penance, or commute the obligation into other pious works. Until then the faithful are not obligated to hear any part of the liturgy of the word in order to fulfill their Sunday obligation. The paschal mystery is the life, passion, death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ the central theological realities of every liturgical celebration which are most especially experienced by the Christian community on Sunday, the day of the resurrection. canonlawmadeeasy@yahoo.com Edward McNamara published answers to several questions regarding the "Sunday obligation". But is the “Sunday obligation” too strict of an expectation upon Catholics? 5:17). The Catholic Church reflects this obligation in its Code of Canon Law: “On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are bound to participate in the Mass” (can. Boniface VIII, De Regulis Iuris , no. In accord with the provisions of canon 1246, §2 of the Code of Canon Law, which states: "... the conference of bishops can abolish certain holy days of obligation or transfer them to a Sunday with prior approval of the Apostolic See," the National Conference of Catholic Bishops of the United States decrees that the Ecclesiastical Provinces of the United States may transfer the Solemnity of the Ascension of … Canon 1247 On Sundays and other holy days of obligation the faithful are bound to participate in the Mass; they are also to abstain from those labors and business concerns which impede the worship to be rendered to God, the joy which is proper to the Lord's Day, or the proper relaxation of mind and body. The first time I traveled to Calgary I needed to follow the signs; they told me where to go and thus imposed a direction upon me. The observance of Holy Days of Obligation is part of the Sunday Duty, the first of the Precepts of the Church, and are listed in Canon 1246 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law. Can. Moreover, it is his obligation to see to the celebration of the Masses until such time as he has received evidence that the obligation has been undertaken and the offering received. Most, although not all, of the other Catholic Churches sui iuris consist of groups of former Orthodox Christians who rejoined the Catholic Church in recent centuries, accepting the Pope as their spiritual head here on earth. So despite the popular misconception, no particular rites or ceremonies are needed, and any Mass on Saturday evening–Easter Vigil Mass included–will satisfy the obligation for Sunday. 1248 §1. That is why Jesus can say, “He who loves father or mother more than me is not worthy of me; and he who loves son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me” (Matt. In other words, what makes a Saturday Evening Mass count for fulfilling the Sunday Obligation, The current canon law says vespere, vespers, which means 4 p.m. on our modern time telling methods. . Likewise, the Sunday obligation helps to orient us spiritually. In fact, it is a mortal sin to miss Sunday Mass without good reason. Moral laws are like signposts: they properly orient us, and once we have been properly oriented we cease to notice them. That was a long time ago. Code of Canon Law - Book IV - Function of the Church (Cann. When (and How Much) Can a Bishop Tax a Parish. It can be easy to forget that Sunday marks the beginning of our week, not the end. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. A survey of the obligation encumbent upon Catholics to participate in the Sunday celebration of the Eucharist. No! Thus Kathleen has the answer to the second part of her question. 10:17). Rather, it moves the Catholic to a deeper mental conviction of things not seen: “Blessed are those who have not seen and yet believe” (John 20:29). And we also learn early on that attending Mass on the vigil of the holyday fulfills our obligation. From the Code of Canon Law: Can. In some parts of the world, there are Catholics who have figured this law out for themselves, and are unfortunately using it as an excuse to give God the least possible worship they can get away with. Liturgically, the readings and proper prayers for Masses like these are not going to be those of the regular Sunday Mass. Can. If unable to ask because of language barriers, it is better to refrain rather than risk contravening the spiritual tradition of fellow Christians. The theme of Rights and Obligations of the Laity is new in Canon Law. than by uniting our offerings to that of Jesus Christ himself.” Christ does with us in the Mass what we cannot do alone: make a perfect offering to the Father. 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